Furnace for making hydrochloric acid and the like.



W. IVI. KHIGKBAUIVI. FURNACE FOR MAKING HYDRCHLORIC ACID AND THE LIKE.

a PIPPLICATION FILED JUNE I7. I9I5. .319 ifijm, Put-@md .11111.11, ma.

2 SHEEISYSHEET I.

w. M, KRICKBAUM.

FURNACE FOB MAKING HYDROCHLORIC ACiD AND 'THE LIKE.

APPLICTIGN FILED JUNE l?. 1915.

atenbe Jan. 13., 1916.

'To all 'tu/7mm it may concern:

erases rafrnnr unieron "WLLA'/f M. KRICKBUM, OF CLEVELAND HEG'HTS, OHIO, ASSGNOR TO THE GRAS lSllliill CHEMCL COMPANY, OF CLEVELAND, OHG, A CORPORATION OF OHIO,

F'URNACE FOR MAKING HYDROCHLORC .ACID AND THE LKE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 11,1911@ Applicatonled June 17,1915. Serial No. 34,589.

Be it known that l, WILLIAM M. Karona BAUM, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Cleveland Heights, county of Cuyahoga, and State of hio, have invented a new and useful lmprovement in Furnaces for Making `Hydrochloric Acid and the like, of which. the following is a specification, the principle of the invention being herein er;- 'piained and the best mode in which l have contemplated applying that principle, so as to distinguish it from other inventions.

The present, improved furnace, while designed more especially for the manufacture of .hydrochloric acid by the familiar method of reacting betweensodium chlorid and sulfuric-acid, is not necessarily limited to this particular use, but may find general .employment in any connection where a similar reaction of calcining operation requiring the operation. of heat, is involved.

The object of the invention is to provide a furnace of the type in question in which the desired operation may be carried on continuously,.one stage following the other immediately without any interruption and without its being necessary to transfer the material.

A further object is so to mount or support. the operating parte of the furnace, as Well as so to arrange the means for suppl ing material to the furnace, as will prevent Iamage occurring to such operating parts by contact therewith to a minimum of the material being treated.

'To the accomplishment of the foregoingV and related ends, the invention, then,'con siste of the' means hereinafter fully described and particularly pointed'out in the claims.'

The annexed drawings and the followin description setforth' in detail certain mechanism embodying the invention, such is? closed means constituting, however, but one of various mechanical forms in which the principle of the inventionmay be used.

ln said annezeddrawings: Figure l is a horizontal' section of my improved furnace, the plane of the section being indicated by the line 'L-l, Fig. g-Fig. 2 is a vertical section of such furnace, the plane of such section being indicated by the line 9F-,2, Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is another vertical section at right to that of Fig. @,the plane thereof being indicated by line 3 3, Fig. 2; Fig. 4l

is a detail partly in section illustrating the construction and method of mounting the plows or Scrapers which constitute a feature lof the operating mechanism; Fig. 5 is a two other forms of such plow or scraper also used in the furnace.

' The working or furnace chamber l proper, is of circular outline in a horizontal plane, as indicated in Fig. l, and is relatively low compared with the diameter. The top 2 and side Walls 3 of such chamber are formed of fire brick', or equivalent refractory material, while the bottoni or floor consist-sV of a shallow pot 4 at the center surrounded by a peripheral calcining'- bed 5, both such pot and bed' being preferably constructed of iron. The bed 5`is moreover a sectional construction, being made of a series of segmental plates, as indicated in part in Fig. l. A pair of suitable fire boxes 6 are arranged to one side of the furnace chamber with grates and other appurtenances,v the Hues therefrom communicating With a heating chamber 8 lying immediately above the roof of the furnace chamberjl proper, and thence communicating by means of other vertilcal flucs 9, at the opposite side of the structure,

fdirectly beneath the calcining 'bed 5, and communicating with a discharge flue 11 leading tothe stack'. Laterally surrounded by the annular chamber 10, thus lying under the decomposing pot, isa circular heating chamber 12, separated therefrom by a partition 13 having perforations 14 allowing of a limited communication between the two, such circular chamber lying directly beneath the pot 1.5: that forms the central portion of thefurnace door. The material to be treated in the furnace is supplied, as will be presently described, to thiscentral pot, and spread evenly over such pot andstirred, at the same time being gradually moved to- \\Ward the edge of the pot and thence outwardlyacross and toward the edge ofthe annular calciuing bed,4 For the purpose `with an annular heating chamber l0 lying of thus stirring and moving the material in question, a series of shovels or plows are provided, the same being attached to radial arms 15, preferably four in number, disposed ninety degrees apart, which are carried by the upper end of a vertical 'shaft 16, that rises centrally throughJ the pot, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, such pot being formed with a boss 17, that forms a bearing for ,the upper end of such shaft. The lower end of the latter is suitably journaled in a bearing (not shown),-and apprepriate driving means (also not shown), are

vconnected therewith, whereby it may be ro` tated at the desired rate of speed, correspondingly rotating the radially extending arms. The construction of the shovels or plows carried by these arms, while in the main the same, differs slightly in the case of those 18, 'which operate in the pan 3 from those 19 operating in the annular bed, in that the former are larger and less numerous than the latter, the form of construction being such that-the material in the pot is moved radiallycutward toward the edge of the pot, and onto the calcining bed proper more rapidly than itis thereupon moved across such bed to the latters outer edge.

Figs. 4, 5 and 6 illustrate one of the shovels 19, while Fig. 7 shows one of the shovels 18. The radial arms 15 are preferably of the Z cross-section appearing in said Fig. 4,

and the stems 20 wherewith the shovels are provided, the' upper ends of which intersect the bed so that the material, as it is gradually worked toward the edge of the latter by the plows, may be automatically discharged into these chutes. Such discharge is facilitated by attaching to one or more of the arms 15, at' the eXtreme outer end, a special scraper-like shovel 23. Y (See Figs.2 and 8.) Gates 2d: may beprovided on the chutes so that the latter may be allowed to accumulate a predetermined amount of the calcined material thus discharged into them before theyare emptied, and so that the trucks or like receptacles, need only be brought up to the chutes at intervals. At another suitable point in the furnace structure, -as for exami 5 memes the chutes 22, are of course normally closed.

The gases or vapor' arising from :the reachopper 31 at one end and a suitable screw 32, or equivalent feeding device, whereby thev material is discharged onto a chute extending downwardly to a central point 1n the chamber, directly over the shaft, where such material is iii turn received by a.V sec-V `ond chute 3ft mounted on the upperefnd of the shaft and disposed to' inalllyidischarge the material intoithe pot betwpentwo adjacent arms 15, as indicated nr' Fig. '1. By virtue of the foreginng arrangement, the

material is prevented from dropping on *the end of the shaft, or onto theA arms, and is directly placed in the pot 4l at the most cen-j trai point possible,` where it is immediately engaged by the inner shovels 18 on the arms and spread evenly over'lthe pot and gradually worked toward the edge of. the latter,

as already described. y

VThe general operation 'of the ifoicegoing apparatus, constitutingmy improved iurnace, should be readily apparenti' 1t will be understood that the two tire-boxes 6 will ordinarily beused at the same time, although one may be shut down. for repairs so vthat uninterrupted operation may be had. lThe heated gases arising from either grate are conducted, as already explained, first across the top of the furnace chamber proper, thence underneath the annular calcining bed 5 to the stack 11, "incidentally the chamber 12 beneath the pritwill also be heated, but

not to as high ateniperature as the calcining bed, the number and size of the openings 14 in the partition 13 being designed to ink part just the proper temperature to such pot for. carrying on therein the.initial reaction., or stage of treatment. 1n the case of the manufacture of -hydrchloric acid. this re-V action proceeds fairly rapidly and thereA after the slower calcining operation follows,

so that, while the material is moved out off' the pot relatively promptly after its admis-- sion thereto, yit is carried more slowly acrossv the hotter' annular bed beyond, 'and the rea action thus entirelycompleted bv the time such material reaches the outer edge of such bed and is discharged.

The foregoing construction and arrangement permits the use of an integral pot to receive the material in its initial,semi-liauid. or pasty state, and a built-up or segmental bedon which to conduct the calcining oper ation, while the arrangement of *lines and heating chambers surrounding the chamber merges Yproper is such as to impart exactly the right the production of hydrochloric acid may be carried on continuously and with the utmost expedition possible, having regard to the re-v action involved. Atrthe same time, all the operative parts are kept relatively clear of' the material that they handle, so that the likelihood ot such mechanism becoming clogged up is minimized, and the completion of the reaction insured within the limits of the chamber. The compactness of the structure as a Whole and the accessibility of all its different parts are additional `commendable features.

vOther modes of applying the principle of my invention may` be employed instead of the one explainechchange being made aeregards the mechanism herein disclosed, provided the means stated by any of the following claims or the equivalent of such stated means be employed.

l therefore particularly point out and distinctly claim as my invention l. ln a furnace for making hydrochloric acid and the like, `the combination With a Working chamber having a floor adapted to receive the material to be operated upon; oi' heating chambers located beneath such floor, said heating chambers being arranged to impart din'erent degrees of heat to different parts of such licor, substantially as described. i

2'. ln a furnace for making hydrochloric acid and the like, the combination with a Working chamber having a licor adapted to receive the material to be operated upon:

of'a heating chamber located above said Working chamber; and other heating chambers located beneath such floor, said heating chambers beingr arranged to impart dierent degrees of heat to diii'erent parts of such floor, substantially as described.

3. in an, furnace for making hydrochloric acid andthe like, the combination Witha substantially circular Working chamber having a floor adapted toreceive the material lto be operated upon; of a circular heating chamber; located `centrally beneath such floor; and an annular heating chamber beneath the outer portion of such'fio'or, the

heated gases passing directly through such annular chamber, and said circular chamber having limited communication with said an nularchamber, whereby the portion of such floor over the latter is more highly heated than the central portion' of such licor;

4, ln la furnace for making hydrochloric i acid and the like, the combination With a substantially circular Working chamber hayd ted to receive #the ymaterial 1tedrapen; or a heating; chamber We said Worlnngchamber; an-

ing,r a)

other circular heating chamber located. centrally beneath such door; and an annular heating chamber beneath the outer dertien. of such floor, the heated gases pa rectly through such annular chambn, and said circularrhamber ha.'ing g' limited communica'tion with said annular chamber,

n'hereby the portion of such iloor over the latter lis more highly heated than the central portion of such licor.

5. ln a furnace for making` hydrochloric acid and the like, the combination with a substantially circular ivorlnng` chamber, a shallow pot forming the central portion ci? the floor or". said chamber, and an annular calcining bed surrounding said pot; a circular heating chamber located beneath said pot; and an annular heating chamber located beneath said bed, the heated passing directly through such annular chamber, and` said circular clianiiber haying limited communication with annu lar chamber, whereby ,said bed is more highly lheated than said pot.

G. ln a furnace for makina' hydrochloric acid andthe like, the combination with a substantially circular Working chamber, a shallow pot forming the central port-ion of the floor ol said chamber', and an annular calciningl bed, made un oi? segmental plates surrounding said not; of a heating chamber located above said Working` chamber; another circular heatinga chamber located beneath said pot; and an annular heating,l chamber located beneath said bed, the heated gases passing directly through such an nular chamber, and said circular chamber having limited communication with annular chamber, -vvlnereby said bed is more highly heated than id pct 7. ln a furnace :ici making hylrochloric acid and the like, the combi; tion with a Working; chamber having' noor adapted 'to receive the material to be operated upon; of heating chambers located beneath such floor, said heating cl'iambers being;` arran ed to impart different degrees o'liheat to diiiei ent parts of such floor; and means :nilapted to remove the material across :auch door from one such part to the other tl ii.

8. ln a furnace 'for bj lrochlruic acid and thelilre, the combination with a working chnmb'er having' a licor adapted to receivethe ,material to be operated upon; of heating chambers located beneath auch floor, said heating chambers being-arranged to impart di'erent degrees of h at i' dii?- ferent 'marte o'isuch door; and mc...ns adagjit" lll) . shallow pot forming the central portion ofl receive the material to be operated upon; of heating chambers located beneath such floor, said heating chambers being arran ed to impart different degrees of heat to di erent parts of such floor; and means adapted to remove the material across such floor from one such part to the other thereof, but more rapidly across the less highly heated than across the more highly heated part.

10. In a furnace for making hydrocholric acid andthe like, the combination with a substantially circular working chamber, a shallow pot forming the central portion of the floor of said chamber, and an annular calcining bed surrounding said pot; of a .circular heating chamber located beneath said pot; an annular heating chamber located beneath said bed, the heated gases passing directly through such annular chamber, and said circular chamber having limited communication with said annular chamber, whereby said bed is more highly heated than said pot; and means adapted to move the material from said pot to said bed and then across the latter.

11. In a furnace for making hydrochloric acid and the like, the combination with a substantially circular working chamber, a shallow pot forming the central portion of the floor of .said chamber, and an annular calcining bed surrounding said pot; of a circular heatingichamber located beneath ysaid pot; an annular heating chamber located beneath said bed, the heated gases passing directly through such annular chamber, and said circular chamber having limited communication with said annular chamber,

whereby said bed is more highly heated than said pot; and means adapted to move the material from said pot to said bed and then across the latter, said means operating thus to move the material more rapidly from said pot to said bed than across the latter.

12. In a furnace for making hydrochloric acid and the like, the combination with a substantially circular working chamber, a

the floor of said chamber, andan annular calcining bed surrounding said pot;v ofv a circular heating chamber located beneath said pot; an annular heating chamber lo cated beneath said bed, the heated gases passing directly through such annular chainber, and said circular chamber' having limited communication with said annular chamber, whereby said bed is more highly heated than said pot; and means adapted to move the material from said pot to said bed and then acro'ss the latter, said means including a vertical rotatable shaft, projecting centrally through said pot, a radial arm on said shaft extending to substantially the periphery of said working chamber, and a plurality of I shovels carried by said arm, and adapted to engage the floor of said chamber. 13. In a furnace for making hydrochloric lacid and the like, the combination with a substantially circular working chamber, a shallow pot forming the central portion of the floor of said chamber, and an annular calcining bed surrounding said pot; of a circular heating chamber located beneath said pot; an annular heating chamber located beneath said bed, the heated gases passing directly through such annular cham-v ber, and said circular chamber having limited communication with said annular chamber, whereby said bed is more highly heated than said pot; and means adapted to move the material from said pot to said bed and then across the latter, said means including av vertical rotatable shaft, projecting 'centrally through said pot, a radial arm on said shaft extending to substantially the periphery of said working chamber, and a plurality of shovels carried by said arm, and adapted to engage the iioor of said chamber, the shovels Within said pot being adapted to move the material more rapidly onto said bed than the shovels on the latter transfer such material thereacross.

14. In a furnace for making hydrochloric acid and the like, they combination with a substantially circular working chamber,I a shallow pot forming the central portion of the floor of said chamber, and an annular.

lery of said working chamber, and a plurality of shovelscarried by said arm, and

'adapted to engage the floor of said chamber, the shovels within said pot being relatively large and inclined so as to move the material relatively. rapidly from said pot onto said bed, and the shovels on said bed being relativelyl small and inclined so as to `move such I material relatively slowly across said bed.

15. In a furnace for making hydrochloric acidand the like, the 'combination with a substantially circular working chamber havi' ing a Hoor adapted to receive the material to be operated upong'of a heating chamber l0- cated beneath such floor; means adapted to move the material from the center toward memes the periphery of such floor, said means in and discharging ont@ the Hoor between two 1u cluding a vertical rotatable shaft projecting such arms, and. another fixed Chute dischargeentraly through said pit, a series of radial ing onto such first chute.

arms on said shaft extending substantially to Signed by me, this Sth day of June, 1915.

such periphery, and a plurality of shovels r r www; fr i carried by said arms; and means adapted to WLMIM M' MRJMLJJM'I feed material into said Working chamber at Attested byapproximately the center of such floor, said Vf. E. CASHMAN,

means including a chute carried by said shaft E.Y R. BAILEY. 

